Microbial enterotypes in personalized nutrition and obesity management
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Microbial enterotypes in personalized nutrition and obesity management. / Christensen, Lars; Roager, Henrik Munch; Astrup, Arne; Hjorth, Mads Fiil.
In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 108, No. 4, 2018, p. 645-651.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Microbial enterotypes in personalized nutrition and obesity management
AU - Christensen, Lars
AU - Roager, Henrik Munch
AU - Astrup, Arne
AU - Hjorth, Mads Fiil
N1 - CURIS 2018 NEXS 325
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - Human gut microbiota has been suggested to play an important role in nutrition and obesity. However, formulating meaningful and clinically relevant dietary advice based on knowledge about gut microbiota remains a key challenge. A number of recent studies have found evidence that stratification of individuals according to 2 microbial enterotypes (dominance of either Prevotella orBacteroides) may be useful in predicting responses to diets and drugs. Here, we review enterotypes in a nutritional context and discuss how enterotype stratification may be used in personalized nutrition in obesity management. Enterotypes are characterized by distinct digestive functions with preference for specific dietary substrate, resulting in short-chain fatty acids that may influenceenergy balance in the host. Consequently, the enterotype potentially affects the individual’s ability to lose weight when following a specific diet. In short, a high-fiber diet seems to optimize weight loss among Prevotella-enterotype subjects but not among Bacteroides-enterotype subjects. In contrast, increasing bifidobacteria in the gut among Bacteroides-enterotype subjects improves metabolic parameters, suggesting that this approach can be used as analternative weight loss strategy. Thus, enterotypes, as a pretreatment gut microbiota biomarker, have the potential to become an important tool in personalized nutrition and obesity management, although further interventions assessing their applicability are warranted.
AB - Human gut microbiota has been suggested to play an important role in nutrition and obesity. However, formulating meaningful and clinically relevant dietary advice based on knowledge about gut microbiota remains a key challenge. A number of recent studies have found evidence that stratification of individuals according to 2 microbial enterotypes (dominance of either Prevotella orBacteroides) may be useful in predicting responses to diets and drugs. Here, we review enterotypes in a nutritional context and discuss how enterotype stratification may be used in personalized nutrition in obesity management. Enterotypes are characterized by distinct digestive functions with preference for specific dietary substrate, resulting in short-chain fatty acids that may influenceenergy balance in the host. Consequently, the enterotype potentially affects the individual’s ability to lose weight when following a specific diet. In short, a high-fiber diet seems to optimize weight loss among Prevotella-enterotype subjects but not among Bacteroides-enterotype subjects. In contrast, increasing bifidobacteria in the gut among Bacteroides-enterotype subjects improves metabolic parameters, suggesting that this approach can be used as analternative weight loss strategy. Thus, enterotypes, as a pretreatment gut microbiota biomarker, have the potential to become an important tool in personalized nutrition and obesity management, although further interventions assessing their applicability are warranted.
KW - Faculty of Science
KW - Obesity
KW - Personalized nutrition
KW - Microbiota
KW - Enterotype
KW - Prebiotics
KW - Fiber
U2 - 10.1093/ajcn/nqy175
DO - 10.1093/ajcn/nqy175
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 30239555
VL - 108
SP - 645
EP - 651
JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
SN - 0002-9165
IS - 4
ER -
ID: 202538107