Update of the tolerable upper intake level for vitamin D for infants: (Scientific Opinion)
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Update of the tolerable upper intake level for vitamin D for infants : (Scientific Opinion). / EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) ; Sjödin, Anders Mikael.
In: E F S A Journal, Vol. 16, No. 8, 5365, 07.08.2018.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Commissioned › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Update of the tolerable upper intake level for vitamin D for infants
T2 - (Scientific Opinion)
AU - EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA)
AU - Sjödin, Anders Mikael
N1 - EFSA 2018 5365
PY - 2018/8/7
Y1 - 2018/8/7
N2 - Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to revise the tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin D for infants (≤ 1 year) set in 2012. From its literature review, the Panel concluded that the available evidence on daily vitamin D intake and the risk of adverse health outcomes (hypercalciuria, hypercalcaemia,nephrocalcinosis and abnormal growth patterns) cannot be used alone for deriving the UL for infants. The Panel conducted a meta-regression analysis of collected data, to derive a dose–response relationship between daily supplemental intake of vitamin D and mean achieved serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Considering that a serum 25(OH)D concentration of 200 nmol/L or below is unlikely to pose a risk of adverse health outcomes in infants, the Panel estimated the percentage of infants reaching a concentration above this value at different intakes of vitamin D. Based on the overall evidence, the Panel kept the UL of 25 lg/day for infants aged up to 6 months and set a UL of 35 lg/day for infants 6–12 months. The Panel was also asked to advise on the safety of the consumption of infant formulae with an increased maximum vitamin D content of 3 lg/100 kcal (Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/127 repealing Directive 2006/141/EC in 2020). For infants aged up to 4 months, the intake assessment showed that the use of infant formulae containing vitamin D at 3 lg/100 kcal may lead some infants to receive an intake above the UL of 25 lg/day from formulae alone without considering vitamin D supplemental intake. For infants aged 4–12 months, the 95th percentile of vitamin D intake (highconsumers) estimated from formulae and foods fortified or not with vitamin D does not exceed the ULs, without considering vitamin D supplemental intake.
AB - Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to revise the tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin D for infants (≤ 1 year) set in 2012. From its literature review, the Panel concluded that the available evidence on daily vitamin D intake and the risk of adverse health outcomes (hypercalciuria, hypercalcaemia,nephrocalcinosis and abnormal growth patterns) cannot be used alone for deriving the UL for infants. The Panel conducted a meta-regression analysis of collected data, to derive a dose–response relationship between daily supplemental intake of vitamin D and mean achieved serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Considering that a serum 25(OH)D concentration of 200 nmol/L or below is unlikely to pose a risk of adverse health outcomes in infants, the Panel estimated the percentage of infants reaching a concentration above this value at different intakes of vitamin D. Based on the overall evidence, the Panel kept the UL of 25 lg/day for infants aged up to 6 months and set a UL of 35 lg/day for infants 6–12 months. The Panel was also asked to advise on the safety of the consumption of infant formulae with an increased maximum vitamin D content of 3 lg/100 kcal (Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/127 repealing Directive 2006/141/EC in 2020). For infants aged up to 4 months, the intake assessment showed that the use of infant formulae containing vitamin D at 3 lg/100 kcal may lead some infants to receive an intake above the UL of 25 lg/day from formulae alone without considering vitamin D supplemental intake. For infants aged 4–12 months, the 95th percentile of vitamin D intake (highconsumers) estimated from formulae and foods fortified or not with vitamin D does not exceed the ULs, without considering vitamin D supplemental intake.
KW - Faculty of Science
KW - Vitamin D
KW - Infants
KW - Adverse health outcomes
KW - 25(OH)D
KW - UL
KW - Intake
U2 - 10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5365
DO - 10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5365
M3 - Journal article
VL - 16
JO - E F S A Journal
JF - E F S A Journal
SN - 1831-4732
IS - 8
M1 - 5365
ER -
ID: 201009420