Effects of a self-prepared carbohydrate-reduced high-protein diet on cardiovascular disease risk markers in patients with type 2 diabetes
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Effects of a self-prepared carbohydrate-reduced high-protein diet on cardiovascular disease risk markers in patients with type 2 diabetes. / Alzahrani, Ahmad Hasan; Skytte, Mads Juul; Samkani, Amirsalar; Thomsen, Mads Norvin; Astrup, Arne; Ritz, Christian; Frystyk, Jan; Holst, Jens Juul; Madsbad, Sten; Haugaard, Steen Bendix; Krarup, Thure; Larsen, Thomas Meinert; Magkos, Faidon.
In: Nutrients, Vol. 13, No. 5, 1694, 2021.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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T1 - Effects of a self-prepared carbohydrate-reduced high-protein diet on cardiovascular disease risk markers in patients with type 2 diabetes
AU - Alzahrani, Ahmad Hasan
AU - Skytte, Mads Juul
AU - Samkani, Amirsalar
AU - Thomsen, Mads Norvin
AU - Astrup, Arne
AU - Ritz, Christian
AU - Frystyk, Jan
AU - Holst, Jens Juul
AU - Madsbad, Sten
AU - Haugaard, Steen Bendix
AU - Krarup, Thure
AU - Larsen, Thomas Meinert
AU - Magkos, Faidon
N1 - CURIS 2021 NEXS 183 Funding Information: Funding: The study was funded by grants from Arla Food for Health; the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen; the Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University; the Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports and the Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen; the Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg; and a fund from The University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Arla Foods, JAN Import A/S, Royal Greenland and Danish Crown contributed with the ingredients included in the study meal production. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - We previously observed beneficial effects of a carbohydrate-reduced, high-protein (CRHP) diet on cardiovascular risk markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a crossover 2 × 6-week trial, when all food was provided to subjects as ready-to-eat meals. Here, we report the results from a 6-month open label extension: 28 patients with T2DM were instructed to self-prepare the CRHP diet with dietetic guidance. At weeks 0, 6, 12, and 36, fasting and postprandial (4-h meal test) blood samples were collected for measurements of total, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TG), apolipoproteins A1 and B, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6. Diurnal blood pressure and heart rate were also assessed. At the end of the study (week 36), concentrations of fasting total and LDL-cholesterol, fasting and postprandial NEFA and TG, and fasting apolipoprotein-B, CRP and TNF-α concentrations were significantly lower compared with week 0 (p < 0.05). A significant decrease in diurnal heart rate was also observed. From week 12 to 36, an increase in HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein-A1 concentrations and a further reduction in fasting and postprandial NEFA (p < 0.05) were found. These changes were independent of minor fluctuations in body weight. We conclude that the substitution of dietary carbohydrate for protein and fat has beneficial effects on several cardiovascular risk markers in patients with T2DM, which are maintained or augmented over the next 6 months when patients select and prepare the CRHP diet on their own in a dietitian-supported setting.
AB - We previously observed beneficial effects of a carbohydrate-reduced, high-protein (CRHP) diet on cardiovascular risk markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a crossover 2 × 6-week trial, when all food was provided to subjects as ready-to-eat meals. Here, we report the results from a 6-month open label extension: 28 patients with T2DM were instructed to self-prepare the CRHP diet with dietetic guidance. At weeks 0, 6, 12, and 36, fasting and postprandial (4-h meal test) blood samples were collected for measurements of total, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TG), apolipoproteins A1 and B, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6. Diurnal blood pressure and heart rate were also assessed. At the end of the study (week 36), concentrations of fasting total and LDL-cholesterol, fasting and postprandial NEFA and TG, and fasting apolipoprotein-B, CRP and TNF-α concentrations were significantly lower compared with week 0 (p < 0.05). A significant decrease in diurnal heart rate was also observed. From week 12 to 36, an increase in HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein-A1 concentrations and a further reduction in fasting and postprandial NEFA (p < 0.05) were found. These changes were independent of minor fluctuations in body weight. We conclude that the substitution of dietary carbohydrate for protein and fat has beneficial effects on several cardiovascular risk markers in patients with T2DM, which are maintained or augmented over the next 6 months when patients select and prepare the CRHP diet on their own in a dietitian-supported setting.
KW - Cardiovascular
KW - High-protein
KW - Lipids
KW - Low-carbohydrate
U2 - 10.3390/nu13051694
DO - 10.3390/nu13051694
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 34067585
AN - SCOPUS:85105785614
VL - 13
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
SN - 2072-6643
IS - 5
M1 - 1694
ER -
ID: 269912196