TY - JOUR

T1 - Meal rich in carbohydrate, but not protein or fat, reveals adverse immunometabolic responses associated with obesity

AU - Parvaresh Rizi, Ehsan

AU - Baig, Sonia

AU - Shabeer, Muhammad

AU - Teo, Yvonne

AU - Mok, Shao Feng

AU - Loh, Tze Ping

AU - Magkos, Faidon

AU - Virtue, Sam

AU - Vidal-Puig, Antonio

AU - Tai, E Shyong

AU - Khoo, Chin Meng

AU - Toh, Sue-Anne

N1 - (Ekstern)

PY - 2016

Y1 - 2016

N2 - Background: Obesity-related insulin resistance is linked to inflammation. Immunometabolic function differs between lean and obese subjects, but whether macronutrient composition of ingested meals affects these responses is not well known. We examined the effects of a single meal rich in fat, protein, or carbohydrate on immunometabolic responses.Methods: Nine lean insulin sensitive (LIS) men and 9 obese insulin resistant (OIR) men ingested high-carbohydrate (HC), high-fat (HF) or high-protein (HP) mixed meals in random order. We assessed plasma glucose, insulin, and cytokine responses and cytokine gene expression in circulating mononuclear cells (MNC) at fasting and postprandial states (up to 6-h).Results: Expression of NF-κB and TNFα genes were greater; whereas that of TGFβ and IL-6 genes were lower, in the OIR compared to the LIS individuals. The differences were significantly greater after the HC meal, but not after the HP or HF meal. Similar results were obtained for plasma concentrations of TNFα and IL-6.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that a single HC meal has a distinct adverse effect on immunometabolic responses in the OIR individuals. The cumulative effect of such adverse responses to meals rich in carbohydrate may predispose the OIR individuals to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease.

AB - Background: Obesity-related insulin resistance is linked to inflammation. Immunometabolic function differs between lean and obese subjects, but whether macronutrient composition of ingested meals affects these responses is not well known. We examined the effects of a single meal rich in fat, protein, or carbohydrate on immunometabolic responses.Methods: Nine lean insulin sensitive (LIS) men and 9 obese insulin resistant (OIR) men ingested high-carbohydrate (HC), high-fat (HF) or high-protein (HP) mixed meals in random order. We assessed plasma glucose, insulin, and cytokine responses and cytokine gene expression in circulating mononuclear cells (MNC) at fasting and postprandial states (up to 6-h).Results: Expression of NF-κB and TNFα genes were greater; whereas that of TGFβ and IL-6 genes were lower, in the OIR compared to the LIS individuals. The differences were significantly greater after the HC meal, but not after the HP or HF meal. Similar results were obtained for plasma concentrations of TNFα and IL-6.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that a single HC meal has a distinct adverse effect on immunometabolic responses in the OIR individuals. The cumulative effect of such adverse responses to meals rich in carbohydrate may predispose the OIR individuals to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease.

KW - Adult

KW - Asians

KW - Blood Glucose/metabolism

KW - Body Mass Index

KW - Cross-Over Studies

KW - Diet

KW - Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage

KW - Dietary Fats/administration & dosage

KW - Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage

KW - Humans

KW - Insulin/blood

KW - Insulin Resistance

KW - Interleukin-6/blood

KW - Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism

KW - Male

KW - Meals

KW - NF-kappa B/genetics

KW - Obesity/immunology

KW - Postprandial Period

KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta1/genetics

KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics

KW - Young Adult

U2 - 10.1186/s12937-016-0219-0

DO - 10.1186/s12937-016-0219-0

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 27903298

VL - 15

JO - Nutrition Journal

JF - Nutrition Journal

SN - 1475-2891

M1 - 100

ER -