High prevalence of patent foramen ovale in recreational to elite breath hold divers

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Standard

High prevalence of patent foramen ovale in recreational to elite breath hold divers. / Kelly, Tyler; Patrician, Alexander; Bryant-Ekstrand, Mohini; Brown, Courtney; Gasho, Christopher; Caldwell, Hannah Grace; Lord, Rachel N; Dawkins, Tony; Drane, Aimee; Stembridge, Michael; Dragun, Tanja; Barak, Otto; Spajić, Boris; Drviš, Ivan; Duke, Joseph W.; Foster, Glen E; Ainslie, Philip N; Dujić, Željko; Lovering, Andrew T.

In: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, Vol. 25, No. 7, 2022, p. 553-556.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Harvard

Kelly, T, Patrician, A, Bryant-Ekstrand, M, Brown, C, Gasho, C, Caldwell, HG, Lord, RN, Dawkins, T, Drane, A, Stembridge, M, Dragun, T, Barak, O, Spajić, B, Drviš, I, Duke, JW, Foster, GE, Ainslie, PN, Dujić, Ž & Lovering, AT 2022, 'High prevalence of patent foramen ovale in recreational to elite breath hold divers', Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 553-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2022.03.014

APA

Kelly, T., Patrician, A., Bryant-Ekstrand, M., Brown, C., Gasho, C., Caldwell, H. G., Lord, R. N., Dawkins, T., Drane, A., Stembridge, M., Dragun, T., Barak, O., Spajić, B., Drviš, I., Duke, J. W., Foster, G. E., Ainslie, P. N., Dujić, Ž., & Lovering, A. T. (2022). High prevalence of patent foramen ovale in recreational to elite breath hold divers. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 25(7), 553-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2022.03.014

Vancouver

Kelly T, Patrician A, Bryant-Ekstrand M, Brown C, Gasho C, Caldwell HG et al. High prevalence of patent foramen ovale in recreational to elite breath hold divers. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2022;25(7):553-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2022.03.014

Author

Kelly, Tyler ; Patrician, Alexander ; Bryant-Ekstrand, Mohini ; Brown, Courtney ; Gasho, Christopher ; Caldwell, Hannah Grace ; Lord, Rachel N ; Dawkins, Tony ; Drane, Aimee ; Stembridge, Michael ; Dragun, Tanja ; Barak, Otto ; Spajić, Boris ; Drviš, Ivan ; Duke, Joseph W. ; Foster, Glen E ; Ainslie, Philip N ; Dujić, Željko ; Lovering, Andrew T. / High prevalence of patent foramen ovale in recreational to elite breath hold divers. In: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2022 ; Vol. 25, No. 7. pp. 553-556.

Bibtex

@article{3829e07c2f744386a4e76e5c9abcde0d,
title = "High prevalence of patent foramen ovale in recreational to elite breath hold divers",
abstract = "Objectives: During apnea diving, a patent foramen ovale may function as a pressure relief valve under conditions of high pulmonary pressure, preserving left-ventricular output. Patent foramen ovale prevalence in apneic divers has not been previously reported. We aimed to determine the prevalence of patent foramen ovale in apneic divers compared to non-divers. Design: Cross sectional. Methods: Apnea divers were recruited from a training camp in Cavtat, Croatia and the diving community of Split, Croatia. Controls were recruited from the population of Split, Croatia and Eugene, Oregon, USA. Participants were instrumented with an intravenous catheter and underwent patent foramen ovale screening utilizing transthoracic saline contrast echocardiography. Appearance of microbubbles in the left heart within 3 cardiac cycles indicated the presence of patent foramen ovale. Lung function was measured with spirometry. Comparison of patent foramen ovale prevalence was conducted using chi-square analysis, p <.05. Results: Apnea divers had a significantly higher prevalence of patent foramen ovale (19 of 36, 53%) compared to controls (9 of 36, 25%) (X2 (1, N = 72) = 5.844, p =.0156). Conclusions: Why patent foramen ovale prevalence is greater in apnea divers remains unknown, though hyperbaria during an apnea dive results in a translocation of blood volume centrally with a concomitant reduction in lung volume and alveolar hypoxia during ascent results in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. These conditions increase pulmonary arterial pressure, increasing right-atrial pressure allowing for right-to-left blood flow through a patent foramen ovale which may be beneficial for preserving cardiac output and reducing capillary hydrostatic forces.",
keywords = "Apnea, Diving, Microbubbles, Spirometry",
author = "Tyler Kelly and Alexander Patrician and Mohini Bryant-Ekstrand and Courtney Brown and Christopher Gasho and Caldwell, {Hannah Grace} and Lord, {Rachel N} and Tony Dawkins and Aimee Drane and Michael Stembridge and Tanja Dragun and Otto Barak and Boris Spaji{\'c} and Ivan Drvi{\v s} and Duke, {Joseph W.} and Foster, {Glen E} and Ainslie, {Philip N} and {\v Z}eljko Duji{\'c} and Lovering, {Andrew T.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022",
year = "2022",
doi = "10.1016/j.jsams.2022.03.014",
language = "English",
volume = "25",
pages = "553--556",
journal = "Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport",
issn = "1440-2440",
publisher = "Elsevier Australia",
number = "7",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - High prevalence of patent foramen ovale in recreational to elite breath hold divers

AU - Kelly, Tyler

AU - Patrician, Alexander

AU - Bryant-Ekstrand, Mohini

AU - Brown, Courtney

AU - Gasho, Christopher

AU - Caldwell, Hannah Grace

AU - Lord, Rachel N

AU - Dawkins, Tony

AU - Drane, Aimee

AU - Stembridge, Michael

AU - Dragun, Tanja

AU - Barak, Otto

AU - Spajić, Boris

AU - Drviš, Ivan

AU - Duke, Joseph W.

AU - Foster, Glen E

AU - Ainslie, Philip N

AU - Dujić, Željko

AU - Lovering, Andrew T.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Objectives: During apnea diving, a patent foramen ovale may function as a pressure relief valve under conditions of high pulmonary pressure, preserving left-ventricular output. Patent foramen ovale prevalence in apneic divers has not been previously reported. We aimed to determine the prevalence of patent foramen ovale in apneic divers compared to non-divers. Design: Cross sectional. Methods: Apnea divers were recruited from a training camp in Cavtat, Croatia and the diving community of Split, Croatia. Controls were recruited from the population of Split, Croatia and Eugene, Oregon, USA. Participants were instrumented with an intravenous catheter and underwent patent foramen ovale screening utilizing transthoracic saline contrast echocardiography. Appearance of microbubbles in the left heart within 3 cardiac cycles indicated the presence of patent foramen ovale. Lung function was measured with spirometry. Comparison of patent foramen ovale prevalence was conducted using chi-square analysis, p <.05. Results: Apnea divers had a significantly higher prevalence of patent foramen ovale (19 of 36, 53%) compared to controls (9 of 36, 25%) (X2 (1, N = 72) = 5.844, p =.0156). Conclusions: Why patent foramen ovale prevalence is greater in apnea divers remains unknown, though hyperbaria during an apnea dive results in a translocation of blood volume centrally with a concomitant reduction in lung volume and alveolar hypoxia during ascent results in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. These conditions increase pulmonary arterial pressure, increasing right-atrial pressure allowing for right-to-left blood flow through a patent foramen ovale which may be beneficial for preserving cardiac output and reducing capillary hydrostatic forces.

AB - Objectives: During apnea diving, a patent foramen ovale may function as a pressure relief valve under conditions of high pulmonary pressure, preserving left-ventricular output. Patent foramen ovale prevalence in apneic divers has not been previously reported. We aimed to determine the prevalence of patent foramen ovale in apneic divers compared to non-divers. Design: Cross sectional. Methods: Apnea divers were recruited from a training camp in Cavtat, Croatia and the diving community of Split, Croatia. Controls were recruited from the population of Split, Croatia and Eugene, Oregon, USA. Participants were instrumented with an intravenous catheter and underwent patent foramen ovale screening utilizing transthoracic saline contrast echocardiography. Appearance of microbubbles in the left heart within 3 cardiac cycles indicated the presence of patent foramen ovale. Lung function was measured with spirometry. Comparison of patent foramen ovale prevalence was conducted using chi-square analysis, p <.05. Results: Apnea divers had a significantly higher prevalence of patent foramen ovale (19 of 36, 53%) compared to controls (9 of 36, 25%) (X2 (1, N = 72) = 5.844, p =.0156). Conclusions: Why patent foramen ovale prevalence is greater in apnea divers remains unknown, though hyperbaria during an apnea dive results in a translocation of blood volume centrally with a concomitant reduction in lung volume and alveolar hypoxia during ascent results in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. These conditions increase pulmonary arterial pressure, increasing right-atrial pressure allowing for right-to-left blood flow through a patent foramen ovale which may be beneficial for preserving cardiac output and reducing capillary hydrostatic forces.

KW - Apnea

KW - Diving

KW - Microbubbles

KW - Spirometry

U2 - 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.03.014

DO - 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.03.014

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 35466041

AN - SCOPUS:85129421108

VL - 25

SP - 553

EP - 556

JO - Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

JF - Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

SN - 1440-2440

IS - 7

ER -

ID: 306523246