Following an application from Biocodex, submitted for authorisation of a health claim pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 via the Competent Authority of Belgium, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on the scientific substantiation of a health claim related to citrulline-malate and faster recovery from muscle fatigue after exercise. The Panel considers that citrulline-malate is sufficiently characterised. The claimed effect proposed by the applicant is “improved recovery from muscle fatigue”. Faster recovery from muscle fatigue by contributing to the restoration of muscle function after exercise is a beneficial physiological effect. The applicant identified, as being pertinent to the health claim, a total of 35 references, all of which, except for one human study and one animal study, were submitted by the applicant in a previous application for the same food and the same claim. No conclusions could be drawn from the animal study, which was carried out with citrulline only and not with citrulline-malate. The human study was concerned with blood lactate concentrations after exercise and did not assess muscle function. The evidence provided by the applicant did not establish that a faster reduction of blood lactate concentrations through a dietary intervention leads to faster recovery from muscle fatigue by contributing to the restoration of muscle function after exercise. No conclusions could be drawn from the human study for the scientific substantiation of the claim. A health claim on citrulline-malate and faster recovery from muscle fatigue after exercise has already been assessed by the Panel with an unfavourable outcome. The additional information submitted by the applicant did not provide evidence that could be used for the scientific substantiation of the claim.