Regulatory mechanisms of skeletal muscle protein turnover during exercise
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Regulatory mechanisms of skeletal muscle protein turnover during exercise. / Rose, Adam John; Richter, Erik A.
In: Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 106, No. 5, 2009, p. 1702-1711.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Regulatory mechanisms of skeletal muscle protein turnover during exercise
AU - Rose, Adam John
AU - Richter, Erik A.
N1 - CURIS 2009 5200 035
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - Skeletal muscle protein turnover is a relatively slow metabolic process that is altered by various physiological stimuli such as feeding/fasting and exercise. During exercise, catabolism of amino acids contributes very little to ATP turnover in working muscle. With regards to protein turnover, there is now consistent data from tracer studies in rodents and humans showing that global protein synthesis is blunted in working skeletal muscle. Whether there is altered skeletal muscle protein breakdown during exercise remains unclear. The blunting of protein synthesis is believed to be mediated by suppressed mRNA translation initiation and elongation steps involving, but not limited to, changes in eIF4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1) and eukaryotic elongation factor-2 phosphorylation (eEF2), respectively. Evidence is provided that upstream signaling to translation factors is mediated by signaling downstream of changes in intracellular Ca(2+) and energy turnover. In particular, a signaling cascade involving Ca(2+)-calmodulin-eEF2 kinase-eEF2 is implicated. The possible functional significance of altered protein turnover in working skeletal muscle during exercise is discussed. Further work with available and new techniques will undoubtedly reveal the functional significance and signaling mechanisms behind changes in skeletal muscle protein turnover during exercise. Key words: Exercise, skeletal muscle, protein metabolism, translation.
AB - Skeletal muscle protein turnover is a relatively slow metabolic process that is altered by various physiological stimuli such as feeding/fasting and exercise. During exercise, catabolism of amino acids contributes very little to ATP turnover in working muscle. With regards to protein turnover, there is now consistent data from tracer studies in rodents and humans showing that global protein synthesis is blunted in working skeletal muscle. Whether there is altered skeletal muscle protein breakdown during exercise remains unclear. The blunting of protein synthesis is believed to be mediated by suppressed mRNA translation initiation and elongation steps involving, but not limited to, changes in eIF4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1) and eukaryotic elongation factor-2 phosphorylation (eEF2), respectively. Evidence is provided that upstream signaling to translation factors is mediated by signaling downstream of changes in intracellular Ca(2+) and energy turnover. In particular, a signaling cascade involving Ca(2+)-calmodulin-eEF2 kinase-eEF2 is implicated. The possible functional significance of altered protein turnover in working skeletal muscle during exercise is discussed. Further work with available and new techniques will undoubtedly reveal the functional significance and signaling mechanisms behind changes in skeletal muscle protein turnover during exercise. Key words: Exercise, skeletal muscle, protein metabolism, translation.
U2 - 10.1152/japplphysiol.91375.2008
DO - 10.1152/japplphysiol.91375.2008
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 19074568
VL - 106
SP - 1702
EP - 1711
JO - Journal of Applied Physiology
JF - Journal of Applied Physiology
SN - 8750-7587
IS - 5
ER -
ID: 9974618