Growth of breast-fed infants deviates from current reference data: A pooled analysis of US, Canadian, and European data sets
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Growth of breast-fed infants deviates from current reference data: A pooled analysis of US, Canadian, and European data sets. / Dewey, Kathryn G.; Peerson, Janet M.; Brown, Kathryn H.; Krebs, N. F.; Michaelsen, Kim F.; Persson, L. A.; Salmenpera, L.; Whitehead, R. G.; Yeung, D. L.; Anderson, M. A.; Dewey, K. G.; Frongillo, E.; Garza, C.; Haschke, F.; Kramer, M.; Whitehead, R. G.; Winichagoon, P.
In: Pediatrics, Vol. 96, No. 3 I, 1995, p. 495-503.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Growth of breast-fed infants deviates from current reference data: A pooled analysis of US, Canadian, and European data sets
AU - Dewey, Kathryn G.
AU - Peerson, Janet M.
AU - Brown, Kathryn H.
AU - Krebs, N. F.
AU - Michaelsen, Kim F.
AU - Persson, L. A.
AU - Salmenpera, L.
AU - Whitehead, R. G.
AU - Yeung, D. L.
AU - Anderson, M. A.
AU - Dewey, K. G.
AU - Frongillo, E.
AU - Garza, C.
AU - Haschke, F.
AU - Kramer, M.
AU - Whitehead, R. G.
AU - Winichagoon, P.
PY - 1995
Y1 - 1995
N2 - Objective: To compare growth patterns of a large sample of breast-fed infants with the current World Health Organization (WHO)/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reference data. Methods: Data from seven longitudinal studies of infant growth in North America and northern Europe were pooled (n = 453 breast-fed infants). Weight, length and head circumference were compared with the WHO/CDC reference, and repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to examine associations between growth patterns and breast-feeding duration, age of introduction of solid foods, and use of other milks. Results: In comparison with WHO/CDC reference data, infants breast-fed for at least 12 months (n = 226) grew more rapidly in the first 2 months and less rapidly (particularly in weight) from 3 to 12 months; the mean z score at 12 months was -0.53 for weight for age, -0.29 for length for age, and -0.32 for weight for length. In contrast, mean head circumference was well above the WHO/CDC median throughout the first year of life. These patterns were generally consistent across studies. In the full sample (n = 453), a longer duration of breast-feeding was associated with a greater decline in weight for age and weight for length but not length for age. Conclusion: These results suggest that if growth charts are to reflect patterns consistent with those of infants following WHO feeding recommendations, new reference data based on breast-fed infants are needed.
AB - Objective: To compare growth patterns of a large sample of breast-fed infants with the current World Health Organization (WHO)/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reference data. Methods: Data from seven longitudinal studies of infant growth in North America and northern Europe were pooled (n = 453 breast-fed infants). Weight, length and head circumference were compared with the WHO/CDC reference, and repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to examine associations between growth patterns and breast-feeding duration, age of introduction of solid foods, and use of other milks. Results: In comparison with WHO/CDC reference data, infants breast-fed for at least 12 months (n = 226) grew more rapidly in the first 2 months and less rapidly (particularly in weight) from 3 to 12 months; the mean z score at 12 months was -0.53 for weight for age, -0.29 for length for age, and -0.32 for weight for length. In contrast, mean head circumference was well above the WHO/CDC median throughout the first year of life. These patterns were generally consistent across studies. In the full sample (n = 453), a longer duration of breast-feeding was associated with a greater decline in weight for age and weight for length but not length for age. Conclusion: These results suggest that if growth charts are to reflect patterns consistent with those of infants following WHO feeding recommendations, new reference data based on breast-fed infants are needed.
KW - Anthropometry
KW - Breast-feeding
KW - Growth monitoring
KW - Growth references
KW - Infant feeding practices
KW - Recumbent length
KW - Weight
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0029114167&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 7651784
AN - SCOPUS:0029114167
VL - 96
SP - 495
EP - 503
JO - Pediatrics
JF - Pediatrics
SN - 0031-4005
IS - 3 I
ER -
ID: 257087053