TY - JOUR

T1 - Secular trends in cardiovascular risk factors among school-aged boys from Crete, Greece, 1982-2002

AU - Magkos, Faidon

AU - Manios, Yannis

AU - Christakis, George

AU - Kafatos, Anthony G

N1 - (Ekstern)

PY - 2005

Y1 - 2005

N2 - Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine secular trends in major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, that is, obesity and dyslipidaemia, among Cretan children during 1982-2002.Design: Epidemiological survey.Setting and subjects: A total of 528 boys in 1982 and 620 boys in 2002, aged 12.1+/-0.1 y, were randomly selected from urban and rural regions throughout the county of Iraklio, Crete, Greece. Care was taken so that all procedures in 2002 closely matched those in 1982.Results: Mean height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were 1.1, 9.6, and 8.4% higher, respectively, in 2002 vs 1982 (P<0.001). The prevalence of overweight and obesity has risen by 63 and 202%, respectively (P<0.001). Contemporary children were found to have 3.6% higher total cholesterol (TC), 24.9% lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), 25.3% higher low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), 19.4% higher triacylglycerol, 36.6% higher TC/HDL-C ratio, and 60.3% higher LDL-C/HDL-C ratio compared with their peers in 1982 (P<0.003). These differences persisted even when adjusting for BMI (P<0.02). The proportion of children having abnormal lipid values was much greater nowadays than in the 1980s, yielding odds ratios of 1.4-8.8 (P<0.005).Conclusions: Results are indicative of a largely deteriorated CVD risk profile in Cretan children since 1982, and predict an unfavourable CVD morbidity and mortality for this population in the foreseeable future.

AB - Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine secular trends in major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, that is, obesity and dyslipidaemia, among Cretan children during 1982-2002.Design: Epidemiological survey.Setting and subjects: A total of 528 boys in 1982 and 620 boys in 2002, aged 12.1+/-0.1 y, were randomly selected from urban and rural regions throughout the county of Iraklio, Crete, Greece. Care was taken so that all procedures in 2002 closely matched those in 1982.Results: Mean height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were 1.1, 9.6, and 8.4% higher, respectively, in 2002 vs 1982 (P<0.001). The prevalence of overweight and obesity has risen by 63 and 202%, respectively (P<0.001). Contemporary children were found to have 3.6% higher total cholesterol (TC), 24.9% lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), 25.3% higher low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), 19.4% higher triacylglycerol, 36.6% higher TC/HDL-C ratio, and 60.3% higher LDL-C/HDL-C ratio compared with their peers in 1982 (P<0.003). These differences persisted even when adjusting for BMI (P<0.02). The proportion of children having abnormal lipid values was much greater nowadays than in the 1980s, yielding odds ratios of 1.4-8.8 (P<0.005).Conclusions: Results are indicative of a largely deteriorated CVD risk profile in Cretan children since 1982, and predict an unfavourable CVD morbidity and mortality for this population in the foreseeable future.

KW - Body Mass Index

KW - Cardiovascular Diseases/blood

KW - Child

KW - Cholesterol/blood

KW - Cholesterol, HDL/blood

KW - Cholesterol, LDL/blood

KW - Greece/epidemiology

KW - Humans

KW - Hyperlipidemias/blood

KW - Male

KW - Obesity/blood

KW - Odds Ratio

KW - Prevalence

KW - Risk Factors

KW - Triglycerides/blood

U2 - 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602023

DO - 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602023

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 15383826

VL - 59

SP - 1

EP - 7

JO - European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

JF - European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

SN - 0954-3007

IS - 1

ER -