TY - JOUR

T1 - Casein improves brachial and central aortic diastolic blood pressure in overweight adolescents

T2 - A randomised, controlled trial

AU - Arnberg, Karina

AU - Larnkjær, Anni

AU - Michaelsen, Kim F.

AU - Jensen, Signe Marie

AU - Hoppe, Camilla

AU - Mølgaard, Christian

N1 - CURIS 2013 NEXS 360

PY - 2013

Y1 - 2013

N2 - Arterial stiffness, blood pressure (BP) and blood lipids may be improved by milk in adults and the effects may be mediated via proteins. However, limited isknown about the effects of milk proteins on central aortic BP and no studies have examined the effects in children. Therefore, the present trial examined theeffect of milk and milk proteins on brachial and central aortic BP, blood lipids, inflammation and arterial stiffness in overweight adolescents. A randomisedcontrolled trial was conducted in 193 overweight adolescents aged 12–15 years. They were randomly assigned to drink 1 litre of water, skimmed milk, wheyor casein for 12 weeks. The milk-based test drinks contained 35 g protein/l. The effects were compared with the water group and a pretest control groupconsisting of thirty-two of the adolescents followed 12 weeks before the start of the intervention. Outcomes were brachial and central aortic BP, pulse wavevelocity and augmentation index, serum C-reactive protein and blood lipids. Brachial and central aortic diastolic BP (DBP) decreased by 2·7% (P = 0·036)and 2·6%(P = 0·048), respectively, within the casein group and the changes were significantly different from those of the pretest control group (P = 0·040and P = 0·034, respectively). There was a significant increase in central aortic DBP, and in brachial and central systolic BP in the whey group compared withthe water group (P = 0·003, P = 0·009 and P = 0·002, respectively). There were no changes in measures of arterial stiffness or blood lipid concentrations. Ahigh intake of casein improves DBP in overweight adolescents. Thus, casein may be beneficial for younger overweight subjects in terms of reducing the longtermrisk of CVD. In contrast, whey protein seems to increase BP compared with drinking water; however, water may be considered an active control group.

AB - Arterial stiffness, blood pressure (BP) and blood lipids may be improved by milk in adults and the effects may be mediated via proteins. However, limited isknown about the effects of milk proteins on central aortic BP and no studies have examined the effects in children. Therefore, the present trial examined theeffect of milk and milk proteins on brachial and central aortic BP, blood lipids, inflammation and arterial stiffness in overweight adolescents. A randomisedcontrolled trial was conducted in 193 overweight adolescents aged 12–15 years. They were randomly assigned to drink 1 litre of water, skimmed milk, wheyor casein for 12 weeks. The milk-based test drinks contained 35 g protein/l. The effects were compared with the water group and a pretest control groupconsisting of thirty-two of the adolescents followed 12 weeks before the start of the intervention. Outcomes were brachial and central aortic BP, pulse wavevelocity and augmentation index, serum C-reactive protein and blood lipids. Brachial and central aortic diastolic BP (DBP) decreased by 2·7% (P = 0·036)and 2·6%(P = 0·048), respectively, within the casein group and the changes were significantly different from those of the pretest control group (P = 0·040and P = 0·034, respectively). There was a significant increase in central aortic DBP, and in brachial and central systolic BP in the whey group compared withthe water group (P = 0·003, P = 0·009 and P = 0·002, respectively). There were no changes in measures of arterial stiffness or blood lipid concentrations. Ahigh intake of casein improves DBP in overweight adolescents. Thus, casein may be beneficial for younger overweight subjects in terms of reducing the longtermrisk of CVD. In contrast, whey protein seems to increase BP compared with drinking water; however, water may be considered an active control group.

U2 - 10.1017/jns.2013.29

DO - 10.1017/jns.2013.29

M3 - Journal article

VL - 2

JO - Journal of Nutritional Science

JF - Journal of Nutritional Science

SN - 2048-6790

M1 - e43

ER -