The salmeterol anomaly and the need for a urine threshold

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Standard

The salmeterol anomaly and the need for a urine threshold. / Jacobson, Glenn A; Hostrup, Morten.

I: Drug Testing and Analysis, Bind 14, Nr. 6, 2022, s. 997-1003.

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftTidsskriftartikelfagfællebedømt

Harvard

Jacobson, GA & Hostrup, M 2022, 'The salmeterol anomaly and the need for a urine threshold', Drug Testing and Analysis, bind 14, nr. 6, s. 997-1003. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.2810

APA

Jacobson, G. A., & Hostrup, M. (2022). The salmeterol anomaly and the need for a urine threshold. Drug Testing and Analysis, 14(6), 997-1003. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.2810

Vancouver

Jacobson GA, Hostrup M. The salmeterol anomaly and the need for a urine threshold. Drug Testing and Analysis. 2022;14(6):997-1003. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.2810

Author

Jacobson, Glenn A ; Hostrup, Morten. / The salmeterol anomaly and the need for a urine threshold. I: Drug Testing and Analysis. 2022 ; Bind 14, Nr. 6. s. 997-1003.

Bibtex

@article{cfa991bfe5a5419f9ec1602e53f106f4,
title = "The salmeterol anomaly and the need for a urine threshold",
abstract = "Salmeterol is a long acting beta2-agonist (LABA) used widely for the treatment of airways disease. There is evidence that beta2-agonists, including salmeterol, have the potential for performance enhancing effects when delivered at supratherapeutic doses. For this reason, all beta2-agonists are currently on the Prohibited List issued by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), regardless of dosing route with some exemptions for inhaled salbutamol, formoterol, and salmeterol when used at therapeutic inhaled doses. For 2020, salmeterol use is permitted up to a therapeutic dosing threshold of 200 μg daily, but unlike salbutamol and formoterol, there is an anomaly; currently there is no urine threshold to control for supratherapeutic dosing beyond this dosing threshold. Salmeterol, however, is reportable as an adverse analytical finding (AAF) at levels above 10 ng/mL. Complicating matters is that following inhalation, salmeterol parent drug is present at relatively low levels compared with other beta2-agonists due to rapid metabolism to the metabolite, alpha-hydroxysalmeterol, which is typically present at higher levels than the parent drug. Moreover, peak parent drug levels following permitted therapeutic dosing are below the minimum required performance level (MRPL) of 10 ng/mL for salmeterol (50% of the MRPL that analytical laboratories are required to meet for non-threshold beta2-agonists), hence the presence of salmeterol may be unreported. For consistency, a urine threshold should be introduced for salmeterol as a matter of priority, to balance the needs of athletes who use salmeterol therapeutically up to the agreed dosing threshold, with the need to control supratherapeutic dosing for doping intentions and athlete harm minimization.",
keywords = "Faculty of Science, Anabolic, Asthma, Muscle, Pharmacokinetics, Respiratory",
author = "Jacobson, {Glenn A} and Morten Hostrup",
note = "{\textcopyright} 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.",
year = "2022",
doi = "10.1002/dta.2810",
language = "English",
volume = "14",
pages = "997--1003",
journal = "Drug Testing and Analysis",
issn = "1942-7603",
publisher = "JohnWiley & Sons Ltd",
number = "6",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - The salmeterol anomaly and the need for a urine threshold

AU - Jacobson, Glenn A

AU - Hostrup, Morten

N1 - © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Salmeterol is a long acting beta2-agonist (LABA) used widely for the treatment of airways disease. There is evidence that beta2-agonists, including salmeterol, have the potential for performance enhancing effects when delivered at supratherapeutic doses. For this reason, all beta2-agonists are currently on the Prohibited List issued by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), regardless of dosing route with some exemptions for inhaled salbutamol, formoterol, and salmeterol when used at therapeutic inhaled doses. For 2020, salmeterol use is permitted up to a therapeutic dosing threshold of 200 μg daily, but unlike salbutamol and formoterol, there is an anomaly; currently there is no urine threshold to control for supratherapeutic dosing beyond this dosing threshold. Salmeterol, however, is reportable as an adverse analytical finding (AAF) at levels above 10 ng/mL. Complicating matters is that following inhalation, salmeterol parent drug is present at relatively low levels compared with other beta2-agonists due to rapid metabolism to the metabolite, alpha-hydroxysalmeterol, which is typically present at higher levels than the parent drug. Moreover, peak parent drug levels following permitted therapeutic dosing are below the minimum required performance level (MRPL) of 10 ng/mL for salmeterol (50% of the MRPL that analytical laboratories are required to meet for non-threshold beta2-agonists), hence the presence of salmeterol may be unreported. For consistency, a urine threshold should be introduced for salmeterol as a matter of priority, to balance the needs of athletes who use salmeterol therapeutically up to the agreed dosing threshold, with the need to control supratherapeutic dosing for doping intentions and athlete harm minimization.

AB - Salmeterol is a long acting beta2-agonist (LABA) used widely for the treatment of airways disease. There is evidence that beta2-agonists, including salmeterol, have the potential for performance enhancing effects when delivered at supratherapeutic doses. For this reason, all beta2-agonists are currently on the Prohibited List issued by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), regardless of dosing route with some exemptions for inhaled salbutamol, formoterol, and salmeterol when used at therapeutic inhaled doses. For 2020, salmeterol use is permitted up to a therapeutic dosing threshold of 200 μg daily, but unlike salbutamol and formoterol, there is an anomaly; currently there is no urine threshold to control for supratherapeutic dosing beyond this dosing threshold. Salmeterol, however, is reportable as an adverse analytical finding (AAF) at levels above 10 ng/mL. Complicating matters is that following inhalation, salmeterol parent drug is present at relatively low levels compared with other beta2-agonists due to rapid metabolism to the metabolite, alpha-hydroxysalmeterol, which is typically present at higher levels than the parent drug. Moreover, peak parent drug levels following permitted therapeutic dosing are below the minimum required performance level (MRPL) of 10 ng/mL for salmeterol (50% of the MRPL that analytical laboratories are required to meet for non-threshold beta2-agonists), hence the presence of salmeterol may be unreported. For consistency, a urine threshold should be introduced for salmeterol as a matter of priority, to balance the needs of athletes who use salmeterol therapeutically up to the agreed dosing threshold, with the need to control supratherapeutic dosing for doping intentions and athlete harm minimization.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Anabolic

KW - Asthma

KW - Muscle

KW - Pharmacokinetics

KW - Respiratory

U2 - 10.1002/dta.2810

DO - 10.1002/dta.2810

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 32314556

VL - 14

SP - 997

EP - 1003

JO - Drug Testing and Analysis

JF - Drug Testing and Analysis

SN - 1942-7603

IS - 6

ER -

ID: 243344395